The Development of Novel Ganoderic-Acid-Encapsulated Nanodispersions Using the Combination of Ultrasonic Cavitation and Solvent Evaporation through Response Surface Optimization

Ganoderic Acid (GA), a major bioactive compound isolated from the East Asian medicinal mushroom Ganoderma tsugae, is traditionally believed to have significant properties. GA poorly soluble in water, which poses several challenges terms of its formulation. In this study, tsugae extracts obtained through ethanol extraction were encapsulated nanodispersions via ultrasonic cavitation and solvent evaporation increase their bioavailability. The preparation route was thoroughly analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) determine interactions between variables. Based on results, Hydrophilic–Lipophilic Balance (HLB) temperature significantly influenced resulting particle size. optimized nanodispersions, incorporated into hydrophobic core with size no greater than 200 nm very narrow distribution (namely, polydispersity index 0.289). Due high negative zeta potential (−45.9 mV), slow growth rate 0.239% over short-term storage (14 days) achieved. addition, average remained virtually unchanged for 14 days at room solutions different pH levels. summary, paper provides first-ever demonstration that ultrasound conjunction can be used generate nanodispersions.